Exserohilum turcicum and puccinia sorghi cause foliar fungal diseases that affect maize crop in argentina. Tolerance of turcicum blight exserohilum turcicum was considered inadequate only in hi80 and hi82. The incidence and extent of fungal diseases on zea mays l. Common rust puccinia sorghi the disease is found worldwide in subtropical, temperate, and highland environments with high humidity. The terms of reference of the west african maize research unit are given in relation to research on puccinia polysora, a leaf rust of zea mays.
Puccinia psidii is a rust a type of plant pathogen native to brazil with a very broad host range in the myrtle family myrtaceae. Common rust puccinia sorghi and southern rust puccinia polysora are two of the most important foliar corn diseases worldwide. Lesion types on plants with rp resistance include small chlorotic flecks, small. Puccinia recondita puccreoverview eppo global database. In this article we will discuss about puccinia graminis. Criteria for selection of ipm priorities priority listing. Corn rusts puccinia polysora termites formosan coptotermes formosanus and native pigweedherbicide resistance palmer amaranth, water hemp, italian ryegrass and others herbicide resistant weeds marestail glyphosate resistant goosegrass. The southern corn rust scr pipe was initiated in 2010 to address the disease caused by puccinia polysora underw. Edmund sheridan school of biological sciences, victoria university of wellington, new zealand.
General information about puccinia recondita puccre eppo global database. Resistance in maize to the tropical american rust fungus. A randomized complete block design with a splitplot arrangement and two replications was used to evaluate the 147 testcrosses 21 lines x seven testers. This data also enabled calculations of anthesissilking delay a trait associated with drought resistance. Foliar fungal diseases can reduce corn yields by reducing the photosynthetic area of the plant and, in turn, lessening stalk strength dodd, 1977. Symptoms consist of small orange pustules that are often first detected on leaves located. Substantial losses in forage quality and up to 50% loss in grain yield have been observed. Damage is caused by loss of photosynthetic leaf area. Puccinia polysora produces dense uredial pustules on the surfaces of the corn leaves, leaf sheaths, and stalks. Assessment of yield losses caused by puccinia striiformis triggering stripe rust in the most common wheat varieties. The influence of storage conditions on the longevity of uredospores of puccinia polysora underw.
Seven experiments were conducted at seven contrasting environments in guatemala to determine the relative performance of seven testers in ranking a set of 21 lines of corn zea mays l. Iowa state university digital repository proceedings of the. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. In our previous study, a major gene rppp25 that confers resistance to. Corn rusts puccinia polysora aflatoxin plant parasitic nematode management weeds pigweedherbicide resistance citrus greening candidatus liberibacter asiaticus glyphosate resistant palmer amaranth palmer amaranth, water hemp, italian ryegrass and others herbicide resistant weeds marestail.
Characterization and comparative analysis of the genome of. Global risk levels for corn rusts puccinia sorghi and. Diseases in maize plant diseases biology discussion. According to the dictionary of the fungi 10th edition, 2008, the widespread genus contains about 4000 species. Twentyfour dominant resistance factors, mapping to five gene loci, were identified in the 1950s and 1960s hooker, 1969. Anyway, aiming to guarantee great inoculum pressure and high dispersion of the pathogen, the genotype iac 112, previously classified as susceptible, was cultivated within and in the boarders of the experimental area. A study of puccinia polysora underwood in west africa. Underw, and has enormous destructive potential when severe epiphytotics were developed. Szabo department of plant pathology, university of minnesota and united states department of agriculture, agricultural research service, cereal disease laboratory, st. Southern corn rust is one of destructive diseases in maize caused by puccinia polysora undrew. Southern corn rust is caused by the fungal pathogen puccinia polysora. The association analysis between aflp markers and maize reaction to p.
Spesies dominan yang dilaporkan menyerang pertanaman jagung di di indonesia adalah p. Key access and utilization descriptors for maize genetic resources 3 kernel type 4. Iowa state university digital repository proceedings of. Examples of puccinia rusts and the diseases they cause. It is classified as an obligate parasite affecting corn produc tion all over the world and is normally found in warm temperate and tropical cultivating zones. Puccinia polysora epidemics on maize associated with cropping practice and genetic homogeneity. It is an important disease of corn in tropical areas. Puccinia graminis stem rust, also known as black rust. Pucciniaceae pada tanaman jagung burhanuddin balai penelitian tanaman serealia abstrak. These fungi have caused severe economic loss to corn yields worldwide.
Komponen teknologi pengendalian penyakit karat puccinia. Common rust of maize, caused by puccinia sorghi schwein, is widely distributed in tropical, subtropical, temperate, and highland environments, where it causes economic losses on approximately 7. Available formats pdf please select a format to send. This family includes guava the original host of this rust in brazil, eucalyptus, melaleuca, and a number of species native to. Global risk levels for corn rusts puccinia sorghi and puccinia polysora under climate change projections nadiezhda yakovleva zitz ramirez. Common rust in temperate and highland environments puccinia sorghi 8. Plant disease is the leading international journal for rapid reporting of research on new, emerging, and established plant diseases. The current and future potential distribution of these diseases was modelled with climex using the known current geographic locations of the rusts, growth and stress indices.
Soil temperature and its association with maize yield. Southern rust is caused by the fungus puccinia polysora, which only infects corn and is reintroduced each year from the tropic regions of central america and the caribbean. The picture at right is of the crown rust, puccinia coronata. Bionomi penyakit karat puccinia polysora pada jagung dan.
Comparison of the predicted proteomes and secretomes ofpuccinia sorghi schwein, puccinia striiformis f. Combined linkage and association mapping reveal qtl for. All species in this genus are obligate plant pathogens and are known as rusts. Jan 12, 2016 foliar corn diseases are among the most important yieldlimiting factors that affect commercial corn production in the midsouth. Sources of seedling and adult plant resistance in advanced wheat lines to puccinia striiformis f. All inbreds had adequate tolerance of polysora rust puccinia polysora. Members of this genus are pathogens on all major cereal crop species except rice, and some cause large economic losses. Symptoms consist of small orange pustules that are often first detected on leaves located in. This is an incomplete list of species in the fungal genus puccinia. Susceptibility score as for disease ear or stalk rot 59 leaf blight helminthosporium maydis, helminthosporium susceptibility score as for disease ear or stalk rot. Puccinia article about puccinia by the free dictionary. Common rust is most conspicuous when plants approach tasseling.
Genetic diversity, population structure and aflp markers. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Disease control usually consists in the use of resistant cultivars and chemical control. Occasionally it becomes of concern in temperate regions, as in 2010. Resistance to puccinia polysora in maize accessions article pdf available in plant disease 9111. Foliar corn diseases are among the most important yieldlimiting factors that affect commercial corn production in the midsouth. The fungi parasitize angiospermous plants in almost. Although this is the most devastating rust of the three rusts that affect corn, it is of minor importance in the usa 4. Av bacterial spot acidovorax valerianellae pp southern rust puccinia polysora bm southern corn leaf blight bipolaris maydis ps common rust puccinia sorghi cg anthracnose leaf blight colletotrichum graminicola pst stewarts wilt pantoea stewartii. It occurs in many parts of the world, and it is a recent introduction in the peninsular india in 1991 karnataka and tamil nadu during rainy season and coastal districts of andhra pradesh. It is also called rp resistance resistancepuccinia. These diseases, northern leaf blight and common rust respectively, are presented each year with different levels of severity affecting significantly the yield in susceptible hybrids. Relative performance of testers to identify elite lines. The scr pipe is led by bob kemerait at the university of georgia and carl bradley at the university of illinois at urbanachampaign and is active in states from the gulf coast through the midwestern corn belt.
Puccinia psidii can have very serious consequences to various species of plants in the myrtaceae. Learn how to pronounce puccinia graminis and more about the puccinia graminis word at. Av bacterial spot acidovorax valerianellae pp southern rust puccinia polysora bm southern corn leaf blight bipolaris maydis ps common rust puccinia sorghi cg anthracnose leaf blight colletotrichum graminicola pst stewarts wilt pantoea stewartii et northern leaf blight exserohilum turcicum smv sugarcane mosaic virus. All negative values between two individuals in the output from spagedi were set to 0 and the matrix was formatted to a text file readable by tassel software v. An puccinia polysora in nahilalakip ha genus nga puccinia, ngan familia nga pucciniaceae. The rust fungus, puccinia graminis, is a uredine belonging to the heteroecious group, that is, one that passes from one host to another at different stages of its lifehistory. The most frequently encountered spore types in the 1982 survey were alternaria and pithomyces 64% of samples, rust urediniospores 57%, drechslera and epicoccum 51%, cladosporium 49%, and smut teliospores 45%. Key access and utilization descriptors for maize genetic. Susceptibility score as for disease ear or stalk rot 59 leaf blight helminthosporium maydis, helminthosporium susceptibility score as. The diseaseintensity in genotypes was compared by the area under the disease progress curve, expressing the severity. Pdf new qtl for resistance to puccinia polysora underw. Pdf resistance to puccinia polysora in maize accessions.
The journal publishes papers that describe translational and applied research focusing on practical aspects of disease diagnosis, development, and management in agricultural and horticultural crops. Among the rust diseases in maize polysora rust or tropical rust or southern corn rust puccinia polysora underw is an important disease in tropical areas. Corn rusts puccinia polysora termites formosan coptotermes formosanus and native pigweedherbicide resistance palmer amaranth, water hemp, italian ryegrass and others herbicide resistant weeds marestail glyphosate resistant goosegrass stable flies. Resistance in maize to the tropical american rust fungus, puccinia polysora underw. Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. Dikenal dua spesies penyebab penyakit karat pada jagung yaitu puccinia sorghi dan p. Preliminary evaluation of biocontrol agents against maize.
It may be recognized by small, elongate, powdery pustules over both surfaces of the leaves photo 10. Combined linkage and association mapping reveal qtl for host. The left panel of the picture shows a cluster of aecia on a leaf of buckthorn, an intermediate host in the life cycle of p. Evaluating management factor contributions to reduce corn. These are formed early in the season and produce large numbers of. Komponen teknologi pengendalian penyakit karat puccinia polysora underw uredinales. A mapping population of tropical sweet corn recombinant inbred lines rils derived from a cross between ha9104 and ha9035 inbred lines were set up to detect quantitative trait loci qtls involved in partial resistance to southern corn rust. Pdf new qtl for resistance to puccinia polysora underw in maize.
Resistance in maize to corn rust, controlled by a single dominant gene. Spesies dan bionomi penyakit karat puccinia polysora. Penyakit karat yang disebabkan oleh jamur puccinia polysora underw puccinia sorghi schweinitz merupakan salah satu jenis penyakit penting pada. All inbreds showed high tolerance to physoderma stalk rots and to bacterial leaf blight, hotweather diseases that can be serious on temperate sweet corns. In australia quantification of maize yield loss due to these diseases is sketchy. This data also enabled calculations of anthesissilking delay a. It causes an important disease of cultivated grasses in many parts of the world. Regarding the high inoculum pressure of puccinia polysora in the region, there was no necessity of artificial inoculation. Qtl mapping for partial resistance to southern corn rust. An puccinia polysora in uska species han fungi in nahilalakip ha divisio nga basidiomycota, ngan nga ginhulagway ni underw. However, up to 50% yield loss is estimated to occur in very susceptible hybrids.
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